Reinforcement

The term reinforce means to strengthen, and is used in psychology to refer to anything stimulus which strengthens or increases the probability of a specific response. For example, if you want your dog to sit on command, you may give him a treat every time he sits for you. The dog will eventually come to understand that sitting when told to will result in a treat. This treat is reinforcing because he likes it and will result in him sitting when instructed to do so.
There are four types of reinforcement: positive, negative, punishment, and extinction. The most common types of positive reinforcement or praise and rewards, and most of us have experienced this as both the giver and receiver. Negative reinforcement is taking something negative away in order to increase a response. Punishment refers to adding something aversive in order to decrease a behavior.When you remove something in order to decrease a behavior, this is called extinction. You are taking something away so that a response is decreased

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